Regional anatomy of Camelus, 2: Comparison of sole pads of fore legs and hind legs of the two-humped camel (Camelus bactrianus)
2002
Makita, T. | Fujisawa, M. | Yamane, T. | So, K. | Mao, R. | Hayashi, Y.
The four legs of a female adult two-humped camel (Camelus bactrianus), which were dissected at the veterinary anatomy section of the Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, were grossly anatomically analysed. Since camels have to travel over extremely heated arid land for many days with heavy burdens on their back, their sole must be provided with an effective insulator and absorber as well. The difference in general shapes of the sole between fore foot and hind foot was that the sole of fore foot was characteristic in its somewhat round shape and its short cleft between the third and the fourth digits, while the sole of hind foot was with slender and longer cleft over long phalanx media. The frontal tip of each digit had characteristically a small nail or pes. The inner structure of both fore foot and hind foot was quite similar. From the bottom to the upper part, (1) sole, (2) elastic connective tissue, (3) fibrous connective tissue, (4) adipo-elastic digital cushion, (5) bursa podotrochlearis, (6) nail or pes, (7) phalanx distalis, and (8) phalanx media. Adipo-elastic digital cushion is oval-shaped and it is encapsulated within fibrous envelope. The depth of sole, inner structure of adipo-elastic cushion, and the width of sole, to be a unique absorber and insulator, are not as characteristic as they might be ex-pected to be.
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